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<lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></lock><shape id="_x0000_s1027" style="MARGIN-TOP: 26.2pt; Z-INDEX: -1; MARGIN-LEFT: 34.2pt; WIDTH: 114pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 110.5pt; rotation: -364127fd" type="#_x0000_t75" wrapcoords="-134 0 -134 21462 21600 21462 21600 0 -134 0"></shape><strong><imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\中和國小\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.jpg" o:title="步驟7"></imagedata><wrap type="tight"></wrap></strong><strong>再現,活字版印刷術</strong></span><font size="3"><span><strong> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></strong>
<p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font>每天,我們都會接觸到許多書籍、刊物、印刷品。你可曾想過人類的印刷史經歷了多少演進過程,才能擁有現在如此便利的技術?</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"> <br /></span></b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 自隋唐開始,中國發明了雕版印刷術,一直發展到宋代,無論是在品質、數量與技術的成就,都達到了全盛時期。印刷術的發明,成功的讓知識文化傳播,更加普及。然而,雕版印刷術卻有一個很大的障礙。書本中的每一頁都需要雕刻出一幅完整的雕版,一本書籍的完成,往往需要花費相當長的時間。倘若在雕刻過程中有誤,則需棄版重製。畢昇發明的活字版印刷術,對此一技術障礙,產生了重大的改革,成為中國四大發明之一。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"> <br /></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">畢昇是</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">北宋慶曆年間(西元<span lang="EN-US">1041</span>-<span lang="EN-US">1048</span>年)的印刷工匠,他用膠泥為原料製作成世界最早的活字。畢昇發明的活字版印刷術,只需要雕製一副活字,而不需每次製書時都重新製版,如有不足的字再增補即可。如此一來,不但節省時間,降低印刷成本,減少儲存空間,更促進了長篇著作的出版。<span lang="EN-US"> <br /></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 在畢昇發明活字版印刷術之後,歷經許多的改良,元代</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">進而發展了木活字及金屬錫活字。十三世紀以後,中國的印刷術傳向世界各地。雖然畢昇當年發明的活泥字早已不在,印刷術也已進步許多,然而畢昇開創的印刷概念,卻成為後世</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">印刷技術的基礎。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
<p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><strong>畢昇的活字版印刷術製作方法:</strong><span lang="EN-US"><strong> </strong>
<p> <span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><shape id="_x0000_s1029" style="MARGIN-TOP: 36pt; Z-INDEX: -4; LEFT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 378pt; WIDTH: 78pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 73.2pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; rotation: -22787135fd" type="#_x0000_t75" wrapcoords="-148 0 -148 21442 21600 21442 21600 0 -148 0"></shape><imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\中和國小\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image009.png" o:title=""></imagedata><wrap type="tight"></wrap><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">製字 :用膠泥製成小方塊,在其上刻字,經過火燒使其堅固。<br /> 完成後的活字,依韻編放,以利查字排排版。<span lang="EN-US">
<p><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">2.<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman""> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">製版</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">先在鐵板上鋪</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">松脂、蠟與紙灰等材料,再將活字編排在板上。<br /> 利用加熱,使融化的松脂將活字與鐵板黏合在一起,最後再用平板按壓,使版面平整,<br /> 待冷卻後即可印刷。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">
<p><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">印刷:在完成的版面上墨。印刷完後,再將鐵板加熱使松脂融化,就可以將活字取下,<br /> 待下一次印刷時再使用。<span lang="EN-US">
<p><span><strong><font size="3">夏夏手刻詩集《鬧彆扭》 </font></strong>
<p><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><strong> </strong></span></font></span><span>電腦普及化以來,台灣早期的鉛字印刷已經逐漸淘汰。鉛字印刷從鑄字、排版到印刷,花費的時間、金錢、空間都較電腦作業多。如今台灣僅存的鉛字印刷廠,也隨著時代的變化,一一關閉。然而,仍有人曾經經歷過或是未曾來得及經歷過那段鉛字印刷的歲月,而懷念不已。想要製作手刻詩集,以手工方式再現「活字版印刷術」,就是憑著這一股懷念的熱忱。 <br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 詩人夏宇曾經將她的詩集剪碎,用那些支離破碎的字詞組合成新作。此一行為藝術,恰恰爲中文特性做了很好的注解。同樣的字彙經過不同的排列組合,即能產生全新的意義。夏夏的第一本詩集《鬧彆扭》共手工刻製了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><font face="Times New Roman">608</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">字,完成</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><font face="Times New Roman">19</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首詩。全書從製字、排版、完稿都獨立完成。並與</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><font face="Times New Roman">2007</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年台北詩歌節及聯合副刊合作,從中再揀選</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><font face="Times New Roman">151</font></span><span>字,開放徵稿在報上刊出。 <br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 詩集的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><font face="Times New Roman">19</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首作品中,多數於</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><font face="Times New Roman">2007</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年,分別在台灣的中國時報人間副刊、聯合副刊、自由副刊、聯合文學,以及香港的「字花」、「月台」文學刊物發表過。後</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span>首則是利用現有的活字進行再創作。 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"></span></p>
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